Health-promoting Lifestyles and Related Factors in Pregnant Women

Introduction: Health-promoting behavior increases the self-care of the individuals and improves the health. It reduces the chance of maternal and fetal harm during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the sociodemographic factors related to health-promoting self-care behavior in Iranian pregnant women categorized by domains.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling was used to recruit 384 pregnant Iranian women that were referred to the health center in Sari in 2014-2015. Self-reporting questionnaires included sociodemographic characteristics and health-promoting lifestyle profile-II questionnaires. Data were analyzed with using the statistical package for the social sciences software (version 19). One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to determine the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics and health-promoting behaviors.Results: The mean age of pregnant women was 27.65±4.753 years. Most of the participants were in the second trimester of pregnancy. The mean of the total score for health-promoting behaviors was 142.96±17.947. Among the six dimensions of health-promoting behaviors, the interpersonal relations scored maximal, and the physical activity scored the lowest. Significant correlations existed between spirituality and the wife’s education, the wife’s job, and the family income. In addition, a significant correlation was established between stress management and the wife’s education, also between the aspect of relationships and the husband’s education, the wife’s education, the family income, and the decision maker (all P<0.005).Conclusion: The findings of the present study confirmed that the sociodemographic factors were vital in health-promoting behaviors in pregnant women

REACHING CONSENSUS: A SCOPING REVIEW ON SCHOOL-BASED COMPREHENSIVE SEXUALITY EDUCATION PROGRAMS (CSE)

La educación sexual en las escuelas es un tema candente en parte porque está estrechamente entrelazado con las interpretaciones sociales y parentales de lo correcto y lo incorrecto. Este estudio es una revisión de alcance que se realizó en seis pasos: (1) identificación de la pregunta de investigación, (2) identificación de estudios relevantes, (3) selección de estudios, (4) extracción de datos, (5) resumen e informe resultados, y (6) consulta con las partes interesadas. Los currículos se evaluaron mediante la Herramienta de evaluación curricular (SIECUS) y las directrices se evaluaron mediante la evaluación de las directrices para la herramienta de investigación y evaluación (AGREE II). Después de revisar 24 programas extraídos de 50 estudios, la mayoría de los cuales (90%) fueron diseñados y utilizados en países en desarrollo, se respondieron 5 preguntas. Finalmente, se recomendaron con modificaciones las pautas de “Pautas para el componente de educación en salud sexual de la educación integral en salud” y los planes de estudio “FLEHI, WSWM, Tuko Pamoja”. Esta revisión muestra que los programas de CSE no son solo intervenciones rentables, sino también parte de los derechos sexuales de los adolescentes. Al comienzo del programa, puede haber muchas barreras sociales y culturales en los países en desarrollo, pero una vez que se diseña un programa riguroso de base cultural, se pueden lograr resultados exitosos. Por lo tanto, se recomienda encarecidamente diseñar tales programas basados en la cultura iraní.A educação sexual nas escolas é um tema quente em parte porque está intimamente entrelaçada com interpretações sociais e parentais do certo e do errado. Este estudo é uma revisão de escopo que foi conduzida em seis etapas: (1) identificação da questão de pesquisa, (2) identificação de estudos relevantes, (3) seleção de estudos, (4) extração de dados, (5) resumo e relatório da (6) consulta com as partes interessadas. Os currículos foram avaliados pela Ferramenta de Avaliação de Currículo (SIECUS) e as diretrizes foram avaliadas pela avaliação das diretrizes para a ferramenta de pesquisa e avaliação (AGREE II). Após a revisão de 24 programas extraídos de 50 estudos, a maioria dos quais (90%) foram projetados e utilizados em países em desenvolvimento, cinco perguntas foram respondidas. Finalmente, as diretrizes “Diretrizes para o componente de educação em saúde sexual da Educação Integral em Saúde” e os currículos “FLEHI, WSWM, Tuko Pamoja” foram recomendados com modificações. Esta análise mostra que os programas de CSE não são apenas intervenções de baixo custo, mas também fazem parte dos direitos sexuais dos adolescentes. No início do programa, pode haver muitas barreiras sociais e culturais nos países em desenvolvimento, mas uma vez que um programa cultural rigoroso é projetado, resultados bem-sucedidos podem ser alcançados. Portanto, é altamente recomendável projetar esses programas com base na cultura iraniana.Sexuality education in schools is a hot topic in part because it is closely intertwined with social and parental interpretations of right and wrong. This study is a scoping review that was conducted in six steps: (1) identification of the research question, (2) identification of relevant studies, (3) selection of studies, (4) data extraction, (5) summarizing and reporting the results, and (6) consultation with stakeholders. Curricula were assessed by the Curriculum Evaluation Tool (SIECUS) and guidelines were evaluated by the appraisal of guidelines for research & evaluation (AGREE II) tool. After reviewing 24 programs extracted from 50 studies, the majority of which (90%) were designed and utilized in developing countries, 5 questions were answered. Finally, the “Guidelines for the Sexual Health education component of Comprehensive Health Education” guideline, and the “FLEHI, WSWM, Tuko Pamoja” curricula were recommended with modifications. This review shows that CSE programs are not only cost-effective interventions, but also part of adolescents’ sexual rights. At the beginning of the program, there may be many social and cultural barriers in developing  countries, but once a rigorous culturally based program is designed successful results can be achieved. Therefore, designing such programs based on the Iranian culture is strongly recommended

Prevalence of Common Methods of Suicide among Iranian Men; a Systematic Review

Background: Suicide is one of the public health problems with a high rate worldwide. Sex is a risk factor for successful suicide, making it the seventh leading cause of death in men in the United States. Based on the increasing suicide rate in Iran, we aimed to investigate the common methods of suicide in Iranian men. Methods: This study is a systematic review with subgroup analysis based on the prevalence of methods of suicide in Iranian men during 2009-2019. Specific keywords based on medical subject headings (MeSH) were searched in Iranian and international databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, and MagIran by designing a search strategy. Selected studies were reviewed using the study evaluation tool. For data analysis, STATA software version 14 was used. Also, heterogeneity studies by Q and I2 statics were assessed. Results: In the first phase, 529 studies were extracted, and finally, data were extracted from 19 studies. Because of the heterogeneity of the studies, meta-analysis was not possible and the final results were extracted based on subgroup analysis. Drug abuse was the most common method of suicide and the use of firearms was the least prevalent among Iranian men. Conclusion: Currently, the most common method of suicide in Iranian men is drug abuse. Therefore, it is recommended to design preventive interventions based on gender and take into account commonly available methods

The efficacy of group counselling on perceived stress among infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment: An RCT

Background: One of the stressful and critical experiences that threat the individual, family, marital, and social stability is infertility. Objective: To identify the effects of midwifery-led counselling programs on the perceived stress of the women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 infertile women who underwent in vitro fertilization treatment for the first time were enrolled in two groups. The intervention group received six sessions of group counselling by M.Sc. midwifery of counseling student and the control group received only the routine care. All participants filled Newton’s standard questionnaire before and at the time of puncture, embryo transfer and the pregnancy test. Results: The mean ± SD scores for the perceived infertility stress before the intervention in the control and the intervention groups were 167.92 ± 12.14 and 166.75 ± 13.27, respectively. The mean of perceived stress after intervention at the time of oocyte puncture in the control and case group were 177.12 ± 19.37 and 115.75 ± 13.88, at the time of embryo transfer were 179.40 ± 18.34 and 118.08 ± 15.37, and at the time of pregnancy test was 183.76 ± 14.97 and 120.50 ± 16.24, respectively. The perceived stress of infertility after intervention were statistically significant in the two groups (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Group counselling is one of the effective methods for reducing the perceived stress in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment. Key words: Infertility, Group counselling, Perceived infertility stress

Prevalence of Anxiety Disorders in Iranian Men in the Last 10 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an estimate of the prevalence of anxiety disorders during 2010-2020 among Iranian men.  Methods: We searched international and national databases including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, SID, and Magiran with related keywords. The selected studies were also qualitatively evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist. I2 test was used to measure the heterogeneity of the studies and a random strategy for meta-analysis was considered using the result. Results: We reviewed 782 articles identified through our search. Then, 51 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria and, data were extracted from 24 articles. After carefully reviewing these articles, 24 articles were ultimately selected for meta-analysis. The overall estimated prevalence of anxiety among men was 12% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.13). The highest prevalence of anxiety was 50% (95%CI: 0.38-0.62) in Tehran and the lowest prevalence of anxiety was 0.014% (95%CI:0.003-0.025) in Shiraz. Conclusions: Anxiety disorders are common and the substantive identified here explain much of the prevalence of mental disorders. These results showed the potential in men to suffer from anxiety disorders

Complex factors related to marital and sexual satisfaction among couples undergoing infertility treatment: A cross-sectional study

Objectives: This study assesses complex factors related to marital and sexual satisfaction among couples undergoing infertility treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 140 couples who visited fertility centers in Iran, between September 2015 and July 2016. Data collection was done by Marital and Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaires and were analyzed by the IBM SPSS 26 software. Results: There was a significant difference between wives and husbands in the MSQ total scores (p = 0.027). However, there was no significant difference between wives and husbands in the SSQ total scores (p = 0.398). Sexual satisfaction and decision-maker in life among wives and husbands were significant predictors of MSQ. The kind of treatment, cause of infertility and BMI among wives and kinds of treatment, cause of infertility, and decision-maker among husbands were also significant predictors of SSQ. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that there is a difference between the understanding of marital and sexual satisfaction in wives and their husbands. Healthcare providers need to pay more attention to these differences

Outcomes of HUD Versus CIC in Patients With Urethral Strictures

Treatment of urethral stricture is a complex reconstructive urology treatment. Previous surgery in the treatment of urethral stricture increases the risk of urinary incontinence. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the outcome of comparing two preservative or nonsurgical methods, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) or hydraulic urethral dilatation (HUD). Forty-eight patients diagnosed with symptomatic urethral stricture were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Nelaton-based dilatation and HUD treatment. Patients were assessed using patient-reported outcome measure for urethral stricture surgery (USS-PROM) through direct clinical interview and were followed up for 12 months. The rate of urinary infection, the need for surgical intervention, and the patient’s quality of life were considered as outcomes of the interventions. SPSS software, version 20.0, was used for statistical analysis. Overall, 23 (47.9%) patients underwent HUD of stricture and Nelaton-based dilatation of stricture was done in 25 (52.1%) patients. We found that surgical intervention was required in four patients in the HUD group, but 15 patients in the CIC group required surgical intervention. Also, the need for surgical intervention and urinary tract infection (UTI) was significantly greater in the CIC group compared with the HUD group. With respect to the patient-reported outcomes, the mean Peeling’s voiding picture (Q8) and EQ-VAS score (Q16) in the HUD group ( p = .02) were significantly greater than those in the CIC group ( p = .02). We obtained excellent results by using an HUD catheter. This safe, simple, well-tolerated, home-based procedure reduced the need for hospital admission to operate for repeat

The assessment of the related factors of emotional divorce among Iranian people during the Covid-19 pandemic: a descriptive study

Abstract Background When a couple experiences emotional divorce, it can lead to boredom, a decrease in their connection, feelings of sadness and despair, and reduced reliance on one another. These consequences can have a lasting impact on the entire family. Therefore, the present study was designed to assess the affecting related factors of emotional divorce among Iranian people during the Covid19 pandemic. Methods A descriptive-analytical study was performed on 900 men and women from 22 districts of Tehran who were selected by the available sampling methods from March to October 2021. Data collection tools are Guttmann demographic and Emotional Divorce Questionnaires. The Questionnaires were completed by the participants of the study. R 4.0.2 software was used to analyze the data, in addition, an independent t-test and chi-square were used to compare the subjects in terms of emotional divorce. Also, the multiple logistic regression method was used to determine the independent factors affecting emotional divorce. Results The results showed that the related factors of emotional divorce include age, marriage rank, and duration of the marriage, choosing the spouse by parents, the education level of the couple, the job of the couple, infection of Covid19, and having disputes before Covid19 infection outbreak. Conclusion Emotional divorce is considered as a social harm which could be the prelude to legal divorce. Therefore, studying affecting factors in any society can pave the way for culture-based interventions to reduce such social harms